【摘 要】
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The pandemic caused by the worldwide spread of the coronavirus,which first appeared in 2019,has been named coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).More than 4.5 million deaths have been recorded due to the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome co
【机 构】
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Department of Medical Genetics,Dragos Hospital Istanbul,Bezmialem Vakif University,Istanbul,34854,Tu
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The pandemic caused by the worldwide spread of the coronavirus,which first appeared in 2019,has been named coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).More than 4.5 million deaths have been recorded due to the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),according to the World Health Organization.COVID-19 Dashboard in September 2021.Apart from the wildtype,other variations have been successfully transmitted early in the outbreak although they were not discovered until March 2020.Modifications in the SARS-CoV-2 genetic material,such as mutation and recombi-nation,have the ability to modify the viral life span,along with transitivity,cellular tropism,and symptom severity.Several processes are involved in introducing novel vaccines to the population,including vaccine manufacturing,preclinical studies,Food and Drug Administration permission or cer-tification,processing,and marketing.COVID-19 vaccine candidates have been developed by a number of public and private groups employing a variety of strategies,such as RNA,DNA,protein,and viral vectored vaccines.This comprehensive review,which included the most subsequent evidence on unique features of SARS-CoV-2 and the associated morbidity and mortality,was carried out using a systematic search of recent online databases in order to generate useful knowledge about the COVID-19 updated versions and their consequences on the disease symptoms and vaccine development.
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近年来,肿瘤治疗走向新时代,从靶向及放化疗走向细胞治疗、免疫治疗时代.而2021 年是中国嵌合抗原受体T 细胞疗法(chimeric antigenreceptor T-cell therapy,CAR-T)细胞治疗的元年,有2 个产品被国家药品监督管理局(National MedicalProducts Administration,NMPA)批准应用于临床.2021 年,淋巴瘤的临床研究重点仍聚焦于CAR-T细胞治疗,本文拟对2021 年发表的重磅文章进行综述.
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新年的钟声刚刚敲响,回首2021,持续的疫情、低靡的经济均不能阻挡研究者前进的脚步,肺癌领域不断公布令人欣喜的研究成果.rn1 早期非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)治疗进展rn最 新 版 美 国 综 合 癌 症 网 络(National Comprehensive Cancer Network,NCCN)指南对于可手术的ⅠA期NSCLC患者,优先推荐外科手术切除+淋巴结清扫或取样活检[1].近年来,关于早期患者的放射治疗研究层出不穷,但大体均为不劣性研究,对
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