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目的评估新疆维吾尔自治区南疆地区2011年脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)野病毒输入性疫情后预防接种服务基础条件,为促进南疆地区预防接种服务工作的顺利开展提供科学依据。方法制定调查表,收集阿克苏地区、喀什地区、和田地区预防接种服务基础条件相关数据,对数据进行整理和分析。结果在阿克苏、喀什、和田地区共调查6个县、18个乡和36个村。村卫生室从疫情前的3 374个增加到4 033个(增加19.5%),村医从疫情前的6 892名增加到8 465名(增加24.6%),村预防接种点数从疫情前的1 666个增加到2 484个(增加49.1%),村集中接种覆盖人口从疫情前的35%增加到51%,和田地区村卫生室和村医增加数量最多。基本公共卫生服务经费中约有40%能下拨到村卫生室,预防接种补助经费平均每剂次2.18元,乡村医生每月收入约1 800元~2 000元,村卫生室均配有冰箱。结论南疆地区预防接种服务基础条件较脊灰疫情发生前有较大改善,但仍应完善预防接种服务模式,大力培训乡村级预防接种人员,实施预防接种宣传沟通活动,开展免疫规划专项整治工作,提高常规免疫服务质量。
Objective To evaluate the basic conditions of vaccination services after the imported poliovirus (poliovirus) in 2011 in southern Xinjiang in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and to provide a scientific basis for the smooth implementation of vaccination services in southern Xinjiang. Methods A questionnaire was drawn up to collect data on the basic conditions of immunization services in Aksu Prefecture, Kashgar Prefecture and Hetian Prefecture, and the data were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 6 counties, 18 townships and 36 villages were surveyed in Aksu, Kashgar and Hotan areas. The number of village clinics increased from 3 374 before the outbreak to 4 033 (19.5% increase), while the number of village doctors increased from 6 892 before the outbreak to 8 465 (up 24.6%). The number of vaccination sites in the village increased from 1 666 to 2 484 (an increase of 49.1%). The number of inoculated population coverage in the village increased from 35% before the epidemic to 51%. The increase in the number of village clinics and village doctors in Hetian was the highest. About 40% of the funds for basic public health services can be allocated to village clinics. The vaccination subsidy is 2.18 yuan per dose on average. The monthly income of rural doctors is about 1,800 yuan to 2,000 yuan. The village clinics are equipped with refrigerators . Conclusion The basic conditions of vaccination services in southern Xinjiang have been greatly improved compared with those before the occurrence of the polio epidemic. However, vaccination service modes should be improved, vaccination personnel at the village level should be vigorously trained, publicity and communication campaigns on vaccination conducted, and special rectification work on immunization programs , To improve the quality of routine immunization services.