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利用1991~2004年黄淮夏播玉米区8个试验站的气象、土壤、田间管理等基础数据对DSSAT 4.0中的CERES-Maize模型进行参数调整和检验。使用调参后的模型模拟黄淮夏播玉米区不同生育期缺水对玉米产量的影响。模拟结果表明,在营养生长阶段,拔节期为水分对玉米产量影响关键期;生殖生长阶段,灌浆期为水分关键期,其中灌浆前期水分对产量影响最大。7叶期和拔节期缺水时最大叶面积指数显著降低,阻碍植株干物质积累,茎叶干重显著降低;灌浆前期缺水穗粒数显著减少;灌浆中期缺水显著降低百粒重。
The parameters of CERES-Maize model in DSSAT 4.0 were adjusted and tested by using the basic data of meteorological, soil and field management at 8 stations in the maize field of summer and spring in 1991-2004. The effects of water deficit during different growth periods on maize yield in maize hilly area of Huanghuai were simulated using the model after adjustment. The simulation results showed that in vegetative growth stage, the jointing stage was the critical stage of water production on maize yield. In the reproductive stage, the filling stage was the critical period of water, in which the water content had the greatest influence on the yield during the early filling stage. At 7 leaf stage and water deficit at jointing stage, the maximum leaf area index decreased significantly, which hindered the accumulation of plant dry matter and significantly reduced the dry weight of stems and leaves. The number of water deficit grains decreased significantly during early filling stage.