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目的 :观察血液系统肿瘤化疗性呕吐的发生状况并分析其规律 ,并对其行针对性治疗的研究对探讨化疗性呕吐的防治方法。方法 :统计连续化疗一年以上的 5 4例血液系统肿瘤病例化疗性呕吐的发生状况并行统计学分析。对早期化疗病例于化疗同时分别随机使用胃复安 (2 0mg d)、枢复宁 (8mg d)或不使用止吐药。对已接受 8次以上化疗的病例化疗时分别随机使用胃复安、枢复宁或镇静剂并合用心理暗示治疗三种止吐方法。分别观察其呕吐发生情况及止吐有效率并进行组间比较。结果 :早期化疗病例其第 4次、第 8次及第 9次化疗时化疗性呕吐的发生率明显高于前次 (P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 5 ) ,枢复宁的止吐效果明显优于胃复安 (P <0 .0 0 5～ 0 .0 5 )。后期化疗的病例镇静剂并心理治疗的止吐效果优于枢复宁、胃复安 (P <0 .0 0 5～ 0 .0 2 5 )。结论 :长期接受强烈化疗的血液系肿瘤患者可会对化疗形成化疗 呕吐的条件反射。镇静剂并心理治疗对化疗性呕吐有较好的疗效
OBJECTIVE: To observe the incidence of chemotherapy-induced vomiting in hematological malignancies and analyze its regularity, and to study its targeted therapy on the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy vomiting. Methods: Statistical analysis was made on the incidence of chemotherapy vomiting in 54 cases of hematological malignancies treated by continuous chemotherapy for more than one year. Chemotherapy for early chemotherapy cases were also given metoclopramide (20mg d), sertraline (8mg d) or without antiemetic. For patients who have received chemotherapy more than 8 times, they were treated with metoclopramide, sevoflurane or sedatives in combination with psychological counseling, respectively. The incidence of vomiting and antiemetic efficiency were observed and compared between groups. Results: The incidence of chemotherapy vomiting at the 4th, 8th and 9th chemotherapy in patients with early chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of the previous (P <0.01 ~ 0.05) The effect was significantly better than metoclopramide (P <0.05 ~ 0.55). The antiemetic effects of sedation and psychotherapy in patients receiving advanced chemotherapy were superior to those of Shufuming and metoclopramide (P <0.05-0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with hematologic malignancies who have undergone intensive chemotherapy for long periods may be conditioned on chemotherapy-induced vomiting of chemotherapy. Sedatives and psychological treatment of chemotherapy vomiting have a good effect