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一般认为方论肇始于金·成无己《伤寒明理论》(115 6 )。然而考察现存医学文献发现 ,在成无己之前 ,已有四部医著载有方论。如北宋庞安时《伤寒总病论》(110 0 )载有半夏泻心汤方、生姜泻心汤等方论 ;朱肱《活人书》(1111)载有桂枝加桂汤等方论 ;寇宗《本草衍义》(1116 )关于仲景医方中药物功效主治的分析 ;南宋许叔微《普济本事方》(1132 )所载的真珠圆等方论。在成无己之后 ,南宋《太医局诸科程文》(12 79)“假令论方义”所载方论更多。方论产生于北宋 ,与当时理学的影响和太医局将其作为医学教育的一个部分有密切关系。
It is generally believed that the theory of theories began with Jin Chengcheng without himself “The Theory of Shanghan Ming” (115 6). However, the examination of the existing medical literature found that prior to Cheng Wuji, there were four medical doctors who had a side theory. For example, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Pang Anshi’s “Treatise on Cold Diseases” (110 0 ) contains Fang Xia Xie Xin Tang Fang and Jiang Jiang Xie Xin Tang et al.; Zhu Xi’s “Living Man Shu” (1111) contains Gui Zhi and Gui Tang. Xu Zongxi’s “Ben Cao Yan Yi” (1116) is an analysis of the therapeutic effects of Zhong Jingyi’s prescriptions; Zhu Mingyuan et al. (1132) contained in the Southern Song Dynasty Xu Shuwei. After Cheng Wuqi, the Southern Song Dynasty’s “The Bureau of the Imperial Medical Bureau, Cheng Ke Wen” (12 79), “The Falsehood of Fang Yi,” contains more arguments. The theory of Fang was born in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it was closely related to the influence of Neo-Confucianism at that time and the Bureau of Imperial Medicine as a part of medical education.