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在直接浸渍冻结过程中,溶质渗透是影响直接浸渍冻结应用的主要因素。本文通过建立明胶模型,研究直接浸渍过程中不同溶质的渗透模型及规律,并对对虾中的溶质渗透规律进行探索。研究发现,溶质中的甜菜碱、丙二醇及氯化钠在明胶模型中的渗透深度分别为0.2 cm、0.35 cm及0.4 cm,渗透量分别为4.35±0.12 mg/g、6.15±0.12 mg/g、11.73±0.18 mg/g;在对虾中的渗透深度分别为0.25 cm、0.31 cm、0.35 cm,渗透量分别为0.86±0.07 mg/g、1.53±0.11 mg/g、1.67±0.08 mg/g。通过对直接浸渍冻结过程溶质的变化进行回归分析,溶质的渗透规律可用回归模型进行表达,并且甜菜碱、丙二醇及氯化钠在对虾中的渗透变化趋势与明胶模型相对一致,前5 min内,甜菜碱、丙二醇、氯化钠扩散速率较大,几乎呈直线增加,6 min后,扩散速率减慢。根据所建立的传质模型,甜菜碱、丙二醇、氯化钠在明胶的平均扩散系数分别为4.16×10-7m2/s、1.27×10-6m2/s、1.66×10-6m2/s,在对虾中的平均扩散系数分别为2.34×10-7m2/s、9.36×10-7m2/s、1.36×10-6m2/s。
During the direct dipping and freezing process, solute infiltration is the main factor affecting the direct dipping and freezing application. In this paper, gelatin model was established to study the infiltration model and law of different solutes in the direct dipping process, and to explore the law of solute infiltration in shrimp. The results showed that the infiltration depths of betaine, propylene glycol and sodium chloride in solutes were 0.2 cm, 0.35 cm and 0.4 cm respectively, and the infiltration rates were 4.35 ± 0.12 mg / g and 6.15 ± 0.12 mg / g, respectively. 11.73 ± 0.18 mg / g, respectively. The penetration depth in shrimp was 0.25 cm, 0.31 cm and 0.35 cm, respectively. The permeation amounts were 0.86 ± 0.07 mg / g, 1.53 ± 0.11 mg / g and 1.67 ± 0.08 mg / g, respectively. Through the regression analysis of the change of solute in the process of direct dipping and freezing, the law of solute infiltration can be expressed by regression model, and the trend of change of betaine, propylene glycol and sodium chloride in shrimp is relatively consistent with gelatin model. Within the first 5 min, The diffusion rate of betaine, propylene glycol and sodium chloride was relatively large, almost linearly increasing. After 6 min, the diffusion rate slowed down. According to the established mass transfer model, the average diffusion coefficients of betaine, propylene glycol and sodium chloride in gelatin are 4.16 × 10-7m2 / s, 1.27 × 10-6m2 / s and 1.66 × 10-6m2 / s respectively, In the average diffusion coefficient of 2.34 × 10-7m2 / s, 9.36 × 10-7m2 / s, 1.36 × 10-6m2 / s.