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苦豆子种子中含有苦豆子胶12.8%,胶的比旋度[a]~(25)~D+173°,红外光谱图中在810及870cm~(-1)处有α-型和β型的糖甙键构型的特征峰。胶经完全水解后,用纸层析及酚硫酸比色法测定,主要成分为 D-半乳糖和 D-甘露糖。半∶甘=1∶2.37。用铁氰化钾法测定其总糖含量为67—70%。苦豆子胶经完全水解后,用硼氢化钠还原后再制得乙酯。经气相色谱分析,结果表明主要成分仍是 D-半乳糖和甘露糖。半∶甘=1∶1.83,并计算出其总糖含量为56%。此外,还有鼠李糖、核糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖和葡萄糖。醇离析纯化的苦豆子胶经比旋度及超速离心分析,是均质的。其沉降系数值[S~0_(20.w)]为5.31s,特性粘度[η~0]为6.25dl/g,用光散射法测定其分子量为715,000。水溶性苦豆子胶含量为49.4%。
Sophora alopecuroides contains 12.8% of bitter gum and the specific rotation of the gum [a]~(25)~D+173°. There are α-type and β type in the infrared spectra at 810 and 870cm~(-1). The characteristic peak of the glycoside bond configuration. The gel was completely hydrolyzed and determined by paper chromatography and phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry. The main components were D-galactose and D-mannose. Half: Sweet = 1:2.37. The total sugar content in the potassium ferricyanide method was 67-70%. After the bitter bean gum is completely hydrolyzed, it is reduced with sodium borohydride to obtain ethyl ester. As a result of gas chromatography analysis, the main components were still D-galactose and mannose. Half: Gan = 1: 1.83, and its total sugar content was calculated to be 56%. In addition, there are rhamnose, ribose, xylose, arabinose and glucose. The alcohol isolated and purified bitter bean gum is homogenized by specific rotation and ultracentrifugation analysis. The sedimentation coefficient [S~0_(20.w)] was 5.31s, the intrinsic viscosity [η~0] was 6.25 dl/g, and the molecular weight was 715,000 as measured by light scattering. The water-soluble bitter bean gum content was 49.4%.