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在叶片加工过程中,由于叶片的薄壁和曲率多变特点,易受装夹、切削力和残余应力的影响而产生弯曲、扭转变形。针对该问题,本文提出了一种双臂自适应夹具加工变形控制方法,将加工过程中产生的变形逐层消除。首先,对叶片的变形成因进行分析;然后,通过对无应力装夹和加工应力释放原理进行研究,设计了一种可提供6个自由度的自适应装夹机构,并对该机构进行了工程设计和机构分析;最后,基于这种6自由度双臂自适应装夹机构,形成了本文提出的加工变形控制工艺,不需多次修复基准和更换机床,就可以逐层消除新产生的变形。实验结果表明,采用双臂夹具自适应加工变形控制方法,可以有效控制叶片加工过程中产生的变形,使叶片的轮廓误差降为原来的50%,提高了其加工精度。
In the process of blade processing, due to the thin-walled and curvature changing characteristics of the blade, it is easily bent and deformed by the clamping, cutting force and residual stress. In response to this problem, this paper presents a dual-arm adaptive fixture deformation control method, the deformation generated in the process of eliminating layer by layer. First of all, the cause of blade deformation was analyzed. Then, by studying stress-free clamping and stress relief principle, an adaptive clamping mechanism with 6 degrees of freedom was designed and the mechanism was designed Design and mechanism analysis. Finally, based on this 6-DOF self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the machining deformation control process proposed in this paper is formed. The newly generated deformation can be eliminated layer by layer without the need to repair the datum and replace the machine tool . The experimental results show that the adaptive deformation control method of double-arm jig can effectively control the deformation during the processing of the blade and reduce the profile error of the blade to 50% of the original one, which improves the machining accuracy.