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无线传感器网络是由能量有限的传感器节点组成,设计高效节能的路由策略是其组网的重要问题;针对LEACH协议中簇头分布不均造成网络时延,以及簇头与基站在远距离传输过程中能量损耗严重等问题,提出一种改进的LEACH路由算法;改进的算法运用新的阈值公式,在不减少簇头数量的前提下,以竞争方式选举出均匀分布的簇头,簇头从成员列表中选出子簇头与其链接成树,以多跳方式进行数据传输,实现网络分簇的整体平衡;NS-3仿真结果表明,改进的算法与传统LEACH算法相比,具有更优的能量均衡性,并显著提高了网络寿命及降低了网络延迟。
Wireless sensor networks are composed of sensor nodes with limited energy. Designing an efficient and energy-saving routing strategy is an important issue in networking. Aiming at the network delay caused by the uneven distribution of cluster heads in LEACH protocol and the long distance transmission between cluster head and base station We propose an improved LEACH routing algorithm. The improved algorithm uses a new threshold formula to uniformly distribute the cluster heads in a competitive manner without reducing the number of cluster heads, The cluster head is selected and linked into a tree, and the multi-hop data transmission is performed to achieve the overall balance of the network clustering. The NS-3 simulation results show that the improved algorithm has better energy than the traditional LEACH algorithm Balance, and significantly improve network life and reduce network latency.