目的　探讨新生儿缺氧缺血脑损伤 (HIE)后皮质、海马细胞调亡现象和动态过程。方法　制作标准化HIE实验模型 ,应用DNA原位末端标记 (TUNEL)、HE染色、电镜方法 ,对凋亡出现时间和强度进行观察和比较。结果　缺氧缺血后新生鼠脑细胞死亡具有典型凋亡特征 ,光镜、电镜观察到核膜皱缩、染色质凝聚 ,阳性TUNEL着色细胞核。随着缺血时间的增加 ,细胞凋亡数逐渐增加 ,皮质约在 18小时点、海马 40小时点达高峰。结论　HIE中神经细胞死亡的重要形式之一是细胞凋亡。其细胞凋亡呈动态过程 ,且皮质、海马不同步变化 Objective To investigate the apoptosis and dynamic process of cortex and hippocampus after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIE). Methods The standard HIE experimental model was made. The apoptosis time and intensity were observed and compared by TUNEL, HE staining and electron microscopy. Results The apoptosis of neonatal rat brain cells after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury showed typical apoptotic features. The nuclear membrane was shrunk, the chromatin condensed and the positive TUNEL-stained nuclei were observed by light and electron microscopy. With the increase of ischemic time, the number of apoptotic cells increased gradually. The cortex reached about 18 hours and the hippocampus peaked at 40 hours. Conclusions One of the important forms of neuronal cell death in HIE is apoptosis. The apoptosis was a dynamic process, and cortex, hippocampus did not synchronize changes