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后缀是英语中派生构词法的主要构词成份之一。所谓后缀就是指加在词根(root word)后的部份,它不但能使单词由一种词类(part of speech)转变为另一种词类,而且能改变单词的词意。如形容词 good(美好的、良好的、对健康有益的)加上后缀—ness,变为名词 go-odness(善良)。short(短的、短暂的、矮小的、缺少、缺乏)加上后缀—en,变为动词shorten(缩短、使变短、使点心等松脆)。又如动词 develop(发展、发育、开发、冲洗胶卷)加上后缀—ment,变为名词 development(成长、发展、发育、冲洗、显影、开发)。
Suffixes are one of the main building blocks of derivative word formation in English. The so-called suffix refers to the word added after the root part (root word), it can not only make the word from a part of speech into another part of speech, and can change the word meaning. Such as the adjective good (nice, good, good for health) plus the suffix -ness, to the noun go-odness. short (short, short, short, missing, lacking) plus the suffix -en becomes the verb shorten (shortened, shortened, crisp, etc). Another example is the verb develop (development, development, development, processing of film) with the suffix -ment into a noun development (growth, development, development, processing, development, development).