血红蛋白病是人类分布最广的单基因遗传性疾病,根据世界卫生组织的资料,世界上约有2.4亿人患有质的(结构异常)或量的(地中海贫血)血红蛋白病,约有3亿人带有红细胞G6PD缺陷,每年出生和死亡20万个病孩。由于此类疾病临床表现极其多样,并与很多其他疾病或综合征类似,造成诊断上的复杂性,因而有必要评价它们诊断的现状。对经苏联中央血液学和输血研究所((?))检查过 Hemoglobinopathies are the most widely distributed single-gene hereditary diseases in the world. According to the World Health Organization, about 240 million people in the world have a qualitative (structural abnormality) or amount of hemochromatosis (thalassemia), about 300 million People with G6PD red cell defects, birth and death of 200,000 sick children each year. Due to the extremely diverse clinical manifestations of these diseases and their similar diagnostic complexity as many other diseases or syndromes, it is necessary to evaluate the status of their diagnosis. The Soviet Central Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion ((?)) Checked