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扩展青霉是果蔬采后主要的病原真菌,对果蔬的贮藏有极大的危害。寻找有效的防治方法具有重要的意义。本文利用外源NO处理苹果采后真菌扩展青霉,通过孢子萌发率、超微结构、菌丝扩展以及苹果青霉病防治效果等指标验证NO与扩展青霉孢子萌发及菌丝生长的关系;同时通过碘化丙啶(PI)染色、菌丝细胞质膜损伤相关指标检测以及菌丝极性脂薄层层析分析,对NO的抑菌机理进行初步研究。结果表明,外源NO可显著抑制扩展青霉的发育,且浓度越高抑制作用越强。其抑菌机理可能是通过破坏扩展青霉细胞质膜的结构与功能,引起大分子物质转运功能的障碍。本研究为NO在果蔬采后抗病防卫反应中的应用提供理论基础。
Penicillium expansum is the main pathogen fungus after harvest, fruits and vegetables have a tremendous harm. To find effective methods of prevention and control is of great significance. In this paper, exogenous NO was used to treat the postharvest apple fungus to expand Penicillium sp. The relationship between NO and the expansion of Penicillium spores germination and mycelial growth was verified by the indexes of spore germination rate, ultrastructure, mycelium expansion and control effect of Penicillium expansum. At the same time, the antibacterial mechanism of NO was preliminarily studied by propidium iodide (PI) staining, detection of related indicators of mycelium plasma membrane damage and thin layer chromatographic analysis of mycelial polar lipid. The results showed that exogenous NO significantly inhibited the development of Penicillium expansum and the higher the concentration, the stronger the inhibition. The antimicrobial mechanism may be through the destruction of the expansion of the structure and function of the plasma membrane of Penicillium cells, causing the transport of macromolecules barriers. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of NO in the post-harvest defense response of fruits and vegetables.