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目的 探讨人参皂甙Rb1对体外培养小鼠胚胎的发育毒性及其毒作用机制。方法 采用植入后全胚胎培养模型 ,将 8 .5日龄的ICR小鼠胚胎在含有不同浓度人参皂甙Rb1的大鼠即刻离心血清中旋转培养 4 8小时 (Rb1终浓度分别为 0、5、15、30、4 0、5 0 μg ml) ,观察人参皂甙Rb1对小鼠胚胎生长发育和组织器官形态分化的影响。结果 随着人参皂甙Rb1浓度的增加 ,反映胚胎生长发育的指标得分和总形态学得分均降低 ;浓度≥ 15 μg ml时 ,卵黄囊生长受抑制 ,血管分化不良 ;浓度较高时 ,可诱发胚胎畸形 ,包括脑部发育异常、体位未翻转、心包腔扩大等 ,严重者可见腹凸。结论 在较高浓度时 ,人参皂甙Rb1对体外培养的小鼠胚胎有一定的毒性作用 ,其中对卵黄囊胎盘结构和功能的影响可能是其发育毒作用的机制之一。
Objective To investigate the developmental toxicity of ginsenoside Rb1 on mouse embryos in vitro and its toxic mechanism. METHODS: After implanted whole embryo culture model, 8.5 day old ICR mouse embryos were spin cultured in rat serum containing different concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 for 48 hours (Rb1 final concentration was 0, 5, respectively). 15, 30, 40, 50 μg ml) to observe the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on the growth, development, and morphological differentiation of mouse embryos. Results With the increase of ginsenoside Rb1 concentration, the indexes reflecting the growth and development of the embryos and the total morphological scores were reduced. When the concentration was ≥ 15 μg ml, the growth of the yolk sac was inhibited and the blood vessels were poorly differentiated. When the concentration was high, the embryos could be induced. Abnormalities, including abnormal brain development, inversion of body position, enlargement of pericardial cavity, etc. Abdominal convexity can be seen in severe cases. Conclusion At higher concentrations, ginsenoside Rb1 has certain toxic effects on mouse embryos cultured in vitro. The effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on the structure and function of yolk sac placenta may be one of its mechanisms of developmental toxicity.