目的　探讨丹参的脂溶性有效成分 (总丹参酮 )对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响及其可能的细胞内信号传导机制。方法　分离大鼠胸主动脉 ,贴壁法培养平滑肌细胞 ,无血清培养基培养静止后 ,以 5 %FBS刺激VSMC增殖 ,分别加入不同浓度的总丹参酮 ,以MTT及细胞总蛋白测定法观察药物对VSMC增殖的影响 ;用Westernblot方法检测pp Erk1/2蛋白表达量。结果　丹参酮对VSMC增殖具有抑制作用 ,并具有浓度依赖性 ;2 ,10 ,5 0 μg·mL-1丹参酮可浓度依赖性抑制pp Erk1/2表达 ,抑制率分别为 (17 7± 3 6 ) % ,(2 6 2± 4 1) % ,(72 7± 3 8) % ,与对照组相比P <0 0 5。结论　丹参的脂溶性有效成分丹参酮可能通过抑制ERK途径抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖 Objective To investigate the effect of Danshen’s lipophilic active ingredient (total tanshinone) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and its possible intracellular signal transduction mechanism. Methods Rat thoracic aorta was isolated and adhered to cultured smooth muscle cells. After quiescence in serum-free medium, proliferation of VSMC was stimulated with 5% FBS. Different concentration of total tanshinone was added, and MTT and total cell protein assay were used to observe drug pairs. The effect of VSMC proliferation; Western blot analysis of pp Erk1/2 protein expression. Results Tanshinone inhibited proliferation of VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner. 2, 10, 50 μg·mL-1 tanshinone inhibited the expression of pp Erk1/2 in a concentration-dependent manner, and the inhibition rates were (17 7± 3 6) %. , (2 6 2 ± 4 1) %, (72 7 ± 3 8) %, P <0 05 compared with the control group. Conclusion Danshen’s lipophilic active ingredient tanshinone may inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting ERK pathway