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目的建立低死亡率卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)SD大鼠动物模型。方法将雌性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用按体重定量皮下注射地塞米松免疫抑制的方法诱导建立PCP动物模型,对照组注射与地塞米松等体积的生理盐水。分别制作肺印片,经瑞-姬氏复合染色后,检查卡氏肺孢子虫包囊。制作肺组织病理切片,经HE染色后观察肺组织病理变化。制作感染大鼠肺组织超薄切片,透射电镜观察Pc包囊和滋养体。结果用地塞米松诱导后,实验组SD大鼠死亡率为0,肺印片阳性率为76.7%(23/30)。肺组织出现典型的病理变化,并可观察到Pc包囊。实验组SD大鼠体重下降明显,与对照组体重比较具有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。电镜下可观察到Pc包囊和滋养体的形态结构。结论采用按体重定量皮下注射地塞米松的方法可建立低死亡率PCP动物模型。
Objective To establish an animal model of low mortality Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in SD rats. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Animal model of PCP was induced by subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone immunosuppression in experimental group, and control group was injected with dexamethasone in equal volume. Respectively, making lung imprint, after Rui - Giemsa composite staining, check Pneumocystis carinii cyst. The pathological changes of lung tissue were made by HE staining. The lungs of infected rats were made into ultrathin sections and the cysts and trophozoites were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results After induction with dexamethasone, the mortality rate of SD rats in experimental group was 0, and the positive rate of lung print was 76.7% (23/30). Lung tissue showed typical pathological changes, and cyst was observed. The body weight of SD rats in experimental group decreased significantly compared with the control group (P <0.01). The morphological structure of Pc cysts and trophozoites was observed under electron microscope. Conclusion The method of subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone by body weight can be used to establish animal model of PCP with low mortality.