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本文发现技术和经济活动都存在局部集聚,技术集聚度高于经济;两者的集聚度随时间增强,地理分布高度一致。随地理距离快速下降的技术溢出效应是导致局部集聚和东西部发展不均问题的原因之一。结果表明,在一到两个省的范围或800公里内为技术的密集溢出区;800公里以上为快速下降区,技术溢出效应强度减半的距离为1 250公里。R&D外部性、人力资本流动以及市场的竞争和合作是导致技术外溢的主要原因。强化以上因素作用将有助于区域的平衡。
This paper finds that both technology and economic activities have local agglomeration and technological agglomeration is higher than that of economy. The degree of agglomeration increases with time and the geographical distribution is highly consistent. The technology spillover effect that rapidly decreases with the geographical distance is one of the reasons leading to the local agglomeration and the uneven development of the eastern and western regions. The results show that there is an area of intensive spillover within one or two provinces or within 800 km; the area above 800 km is rapidly decreasing and the intensity of technological spillovers is halved by 1 250 km. R & D externality, human capital flows and market competition and cooperation are the main reasons leading to technology spillovers. Strengthening the above factors will help the regional balance.