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全球变暖背景下高寒土壤水文过程的变化是流域水文学及生态系统稳定性研究的关键问题之一,以多年冻土区典型发育的热融湖塘为研究对象,基于土壤物理特性、入渗过程及土壤水分等的观测,并进行模型模拟.结果表明:热融湖塘改变了土壤的入渗过程,随着其影响程度的加剧,初始入渗速率降低,且在中度影响迹地降低幅度最大;稳定入渗速率与累积入渗量在表层逐渐增加,10与20 cm深度处均为先减小后增加,与土壤质地显著相关,且累积入渗量受制于稳定入渗速率变化;通过对比分析,Hoton模型更适用于热融湖塘影响迹地高寒草甸土壤水分入渗过程的研究.总之,热融湖塘的形成降低了高寒草甸土壤的持水能力,使其导水性增强,导致热融湖塘分布区域的产流能力降低.
Under the background of global warming, the change of alpine soil hydrology is one of the key issues in the study of hydrology and ecosystem stability in the basin. Taking the hot-melt lake pool which is typically developed in the permafrost region as the research object, based on the soil physical characteristics, infiltration Process and soil moisture were observed and the model was simulated.The results showed that the infiltration process of soil changed with the infiltration of hot ponds and the initial infiltration rate decreased with the increasing degree of influence, Maximum; steady infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration rate gradually increased in the surface layer, both at 10 and 20 cm depth first decreased and then increased, and the soil texture was significantly correlated, and the cumulative infiltration rate is subject to steady infiltration rate changes; through The comparative analysis shows that Hoton model is more suitable for the study of infiltration process of alpine meadows affected by hot-melt lakes and ponds.In conclusion, the formation of hot-melt lakes and ponds reduces the water holding capacity of alpine meadow soils, Resulting in hot melt pool distribution area of the lower flow capacity.