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目的调查漳州市鼠类感染广州管圆线虫(Angiostrongylus cantonensis)的情况,为预防控制广州管圆线虫病提供科学依据。方法 2013-2015年,按鼠类孳生环境选取漳州沿海(平原和丘陵组)和山区(丘陵和山地组)的4个县18个村,采用笼捕法捕鼠,鉴定鼠种、性别后,解剖心、肺,查找广州管圆线虫成虫,计算鼠类感染率,分析捕鼠点的不同自然生态环境与鼠类感染率的相关性。结果共捕获鼠类动物1 551只,分属黄胸鼠(Rattus flavipectus)、褐家鼠(R.norvegicus)、臭鼩鼱(Sorex araneus)、小家鼠(Mus musculus)和黄毛鼠(R.lossea),其中黄胸鼠最多,占41.8%(649/1 551),其次为褐家鼠和臭鼩鼱,分别占28.4%(441/1 551)和20.9%(324/1 551)。广州管圆线虫总感染率为9.2%(142/1 551),其中褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的感染率分别为13.2%(58/441)和11.4%(74/649),与臭鼩鼱[1.5%(5/323)]、小家鼠[1.4%(1/74)]和黄毛鼠[6.3%(4/63)]差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。沿海地区鼠类感染率为12.4%(83/668),明显高于山区的6.68%(59/883)(χ~2=15.083,P<0.05)。其中沿海平原组与沿海丘陵组感染率分别为12.7%(53/416)和11.9%(30/252),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);山区丘陵组与山区山地组感染率分别为9.2%(46/499)和3.4%(13/384),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.890,P<0.05)。142只感染鼠共检获成虫696条,成虫主要寄生于肺动脉,占总虫数94.3%;其次为心脏,占总虫数5.7%。雄性与雌性鼠感染率分别为9.2%(73/795)和9.1%(69/756),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为漳州市广州管圆线虫重要保虫宿主。各类生态环境鼠类的广州管圆线虫感染率有一定的差异。
Objective To investigate the situation of rodent infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Zhangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou. Methods From 2013 to 2015, 18 villages in 4 counties along the coast of Zhangzhou (plain and hilly group) and mountainous areas (hills and mountainous groups) were selected according to the breeding conditions of mice. Trap catching mice were used to identify the mouse species and sex. The heart and lungs were dissected and the adult worm of C. elegans was searched to calculate the infection rate of rodents. The correlation between the different natural ecological environment and the infection rate of rodents was analyzed. Results A total of 1 551 animals were captured, belonging to Rattus flavipectus, R. norvegicus, Sorex araneus, Mus musculus and Rattus .Laus was the largest, accounting for 41.8% (649/1 551), followed by Rattus norvegicus and Stinkbug, accounting for 28.4% (441/1 551) and 20.9% (324/1 551), respectively. The total infection rate of A. cantonensis was 9.2% (142/1 551). The infection rates of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were 13.2% (58/441) and 11.4% (74/649), respectively, [1.5% (5/323)], Mus musculus [1.4% (1/74)] and rodent [6.3% (4/63)], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The infection rate of rodents in coastal areas was 12.4% (83/668), significantly higher than that in mountainous areas (6.68%, 59/883) (χ ~ 2 = 15.083, P <0.05). The infection rates in coastal plain group and coastal hills group were 12.7% (53/416) and 11.9% (30/252), respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The infection rates in mountainous hill group and mountainous mountain group were 9.2% (46/499) and 3.4% (13/384), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 12.890, P <0.05). A total of 696 adult worms were seized in 142 infected mice. The adults mainly parasitized the pulmonary artery, accounting for 94.3% of the total number of worms. The heart was followed by 5.7% of the total number of worms. Infection rates of male and female mice were 9.2% (73/795) and 9.1% (69/756), respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus are the important hosts for the preservation of A. cantonensis in Zhangzhou. There were some differences in infection rates of C. elegans in various ecological environments.