乡村运行困难突出表现为持续的收不抵支,累积的收支缺口使乡村背负起了巨额负债。乡村负债初期,负债的用途主要是兴建辖区内一些大型的公益设施,如道路、农田水利设施等。随着乡村财务状况的恶化,乡村的一些基本支出需求诸如人员的工资、日常的办公经费等都依赖债务收入解决。在一些地方,乡镇过度负债一方面使得捉襟见肘的乡镇财政和村级组织难以平衡刚性支出,不得不依靠举债度日,而偿债的不良信誉更使新的债务成本提高;另一方面,原有债务不能按期偿还, Difficulties in the operation of the rural areas are manifested in the persistent non-payment, and the accumulated shortfall in income and expenditure has caused the rural areas to bear a huge amount of liabilities. In the early stages of rural debt, the purpose of the liabilities was mainly to construct some large-scale public welfare facilities in the area, such as roads and farmland water conservancy facilities. As rural financial conditions deteriorate, some basic rural spending needs such as salaries and daily office expenses depend on debt. In some places, the over-indebtedness of towns and villages makes it hard for village and township financial organizations and village-level organizations to balance the rigid expenditures and thus rely on the debt-service life while the unfavorable credit-paying service leads to an increase in new debt costs. On the other hand, Debt can not be repaid on schedule,