Objective: To analyze the influence of professional identity and academic efficacy on the professional attitude of higher vocationalnursing students. Methods: A total of 656 higher vocational nursing students were investigated with general information questionnaire, academic self-efficacy scale, professional identity scale, and professional attitude scale of nursing students. Results: The score of professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students was (106.34 ± 9.86), which is found to be in the upper middle level. The professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students is positively correlated with academic self-efficacy (P<0.05), and with learning ability self-efficacy (P<0.01). Professional cognition, professional will, and professional values have a positive predictive effect on the professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students (P<0.05). Conclusions: Academic self-efficacy and professional identity are important predictors of professional attitude. Learning behavior self-efficacy, professional cognition, professional will, and professional values have a significant impact on the establishment of positive professional attitude.