目的 :探讨不明原因长期发热 (FUO)患儿的临床诊断方法及原因。方法 :1997年 2月～ 2 0 0 3年 2月符合发热原因待查的患儿 15 8例 ,进行跟踪调查并总结分析至明确诊断。结果 :15 8例中明确诊断 14 6例 ,确诊率为 92 4%。未明确诊断 12例( 7 6%) ,最终确诊方法分别为血清学和 /或细菌学检查 119例 ,占 75 3 %,组织检查 10例 ,占 6 3 %,骨髓检查 12例 ,占 7 6%,影像学检查 5例 ,占 3 2 %,其中感染性疾病 83例 ( 5 2 5 %) ,结缔组织病 3 6例 ( 2 2 2 %) ,恶性肿瘤 17例 ( 10 8%) ,其他疾病 10例( 6 3 %)。结论 :感染性疾病、结缔组织及肿瘤性疾病是本组FUO主要病因 ,呼吸道感染是第一位的 ,详细的临床检查及常规实验检查对FUO的诊断很重要 ,合理使用影像学检查技术及组织病理活检对明确诊断有很大帮助 Objective: To investigate the clinical diagnosis and causes of children with unexplained chronic fever (FUO). Methods: From February 1997 to February 2003, 15 8 children with fever due to be investigated were followed up and analyzed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A total of 146 cases were diagnosed in 15 8 cases, the diagnosis rate was 92.4%. 12 cases (76%) were undetermined, and the final diagnosis was 119 cases of serological and / or bacteriological examination, accounting for 75.3%, 10 cases of tissue examination, accounting for 63%, 12 cases of bone marrow examination, accounting for 76 %, Imaging examination in 5 cases, accounting for 32%, of which 83 cases were infectious diseases (52.5%), 36 cases of connective tissue disease (22.2%), 17 cases of malignant tumors (108%), other 10 cases of disease (63%). Conclusions: Infectious diseases, connective tissues and neoplastic diseases are the main causes of FUO in this group. Respiratory tract infection is the first one. Detailed clinical examination and routine laboratory tests are very important for the diagnosis of FUO. Rational use of imaging techniques and tissue Biopsy of the pathological diagnosis of a great help