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由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)引起的草莓灰霉病是严重危害草莓的病害之一。为了解草莓灰霉病菌对杀菌剂嘧菌酯的抗性情况,本研究针对2012年从国内10省市采集和分离的134株草莓灰霉病菌菌株,利用特异性引物BcAR-F/BcAR-R扩增其cytb基因的部分序列,进行了嘧菌酯抗性的分子检测;对检测出的抗性菌株在嘧菌酯浓度分别为22.4、112和224μg·mL~(-1)的含药培养基上进行抗性验证;此外,还比较了抗性菌株与敏感菌株主要生物学性状的差异。结果表明,有54个菌株对嘧菌酯表现抗性,均属于中等抗性水平,占检测总数的40.3%,分布于北京市、湖北、江苏、河北、辽宁和四川各省;对15个抗性菌株cytb基因的序列分析表明,其第143位发生突变,由甘氨酸变为丙氨酸;对随机选取的4株抗性菌株和2株敏感菌株的适合度测定结果发现,抗性菌株和敏感菌株在最适生长温度、菌落生长速度、孢子萌发率方面没有表现出规律性差异,但抗性菌株的产孢量和致病力均显著低于敏感菌株。
Botrytis cinerea caused by strawberry Botrytis cinerea is one of the diseases that seriously damage strawberry. In order to understand the resistance of Botrytis cinerea to fungicide azoxystrobin, 134 strains of Botrytis cinerea were collected and isolated from 10 provinces and cities in China in 2012, using specific primers BcAR-F / BcAR-R The partial sequence of cytb gene was amplified, and the molecular detection of azoxystrobin resistance was carried out. The resistant strains were tested in the culture containing azoxystrobin at concentrations of 22.4, 112 and 224 μg · mL -1, respectively Based on the proof of resistance; In addition, compared the resistance of resistant strains and susceptible strains of the main biological characteristics of the differences. The results showed that 54 strains showed resistance to azoxystrobin, all of them were moderately resistant, accounting for 40.3% of the total. They were distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hebei, Liaoning and Sichuan provinces. Fifteen resistant Sequence analysis of the cytb gene showed that the mutation at position 143 changed from glycine to alanine. The suitability of four randomly selected 4 resistant strains and 2 sensitive strains showed that both resistant and susceptible strains There was no regular difference in optimum growth temperature, colony growth rate and spore germination rate, but the sporulation and pathogenicity of resistant strains were significantly lower than those of susceptible strains.