尽管有关上颌窦自然开口的研究已经有100多年历史〔1〕,鼻内镜鼻窦手术中上颌窦自然开口的开放与扩大仍然只是一个笼统的概念,尚未形成一个统一的操作规范。在前期研究中,我们发现自然开口被全面扩大开放的上颌窦,术后黏液纤毛输送系统多数并没有沿着正常的生理途径进行传输〔2 Although the study of the natural opening of the maxillary sinus has been more than 100 years old, the opening and enlargement of the natural opening of the maxillary sinus during endoscopic sinus surgery is still a general concept and a unified code of practice has not yet been established. In the previous study, we found that the natural opening is fully enlarged open maxillary sinus, the majority of postoperative mucociliary delivery system is not along the normal physiological pathways [2