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明代北京商业达到较高水平,从四个方面可观其规模。第一是商业的流通渠道,它包括大规模的铺户贸易,这些铺户多在繁华市区,气势非凡;集市庙会是另一条流通渠道,它具有
Beijing business reached a high level in the Ming Dynasty, from four aspects of their size. The first is a commercial distribution channel, which includes large-scale shop-pawnships. These pavilions are particularly impressive in the bustling downtown area. The fair is another circulation channel that has