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Kerr等[1]于1972年首次提出了“细胞凋亡”的概念，在经过对细胞凋亡现象的长期观察和分析后又阐明细胞凋亡不同于细胞坏死（necrosis，是一种不引起机体炎症反应的细胞程序性死亡（programmedcelldeath，PCD）过程。并首先用电子显微镜观察到凋亡细胞核浓缩，密度增高，细胞膜
Kerr et al [1] first proposed the concept of “apoptosis” in 1972. After long-term observation and analysis of the phenomenon of apoptosis, it was clarified that apoptosis is different from necrosis, Programmed cell death (PCD) process of inflammatory response.At first, the apoptotic nuclei were concentrated and the density was increased by electron microscopy,