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目的研究不同喂养方式对早产儿/低出生体重儿出院后生长发育的影响。方法 60例早产儿/低出生体重儿出院后按喂养方式分为A组(30例,给予普通配方奶粉)和B组(30例,给予早产儿出院后配方奶粉)。观察并比较各组婴儿出院后2周、1个月、2个月、3个月、6个月体重、身长、头围、Kaup指数、血红蛋白(Hb)水平、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、前白蛋白(PA)水平、血钙和磷水平。结果两组婴儿2周时体重、身长、头围、Kaup指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),B组婴儿体重从1个月起显著高于A组婴儿(P<0.05);B组婴儿身长从2个月,头围从3个月起显著高于A组婴儿(P<0.05);B组婴儿6个月Kaup指数显著高于A组婴儿(P<0.05)。两组婴儿生后2个月内Hb、MCV和MCHC比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),B组婴儿Hb和MCHC从3个月显著高于A组婴儿(P<0.05);B组婴儿6月MCV显著高于A组婴儿(P<0.05)。B组婴儿6个月前白蛋白水平显著高于A组(P<0.05),增幅也显著高于A组(P<0.05)。两组婴儿出生及生后6个月血钙、磷水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早产儿出院后配方奶粉更有利于满足早产儿/低出生体重儿追赶性生长发育的需要。
Objective To study the effects of different feeding methods on the growth and development of preterm children with low birth weight after discharge. Methods Sixty preterm infants and low birth weight infants were randomly divided into group A (n = 30), group B (n = 30), and formula B after giving birth. The body weight, body length, head circumference, Kaup index, hemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean age at 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months after hospital discharge were observed and compared. Hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), prealbumin (PA) levels, serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Results There was no significant difference in body weight, length, head circumference and Kaup index between the two groups at 2 weeks (P> 0.05). The body weight of group B was significantly higher than that of group A at one month (P <0.05); B The height of the infants in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P <0.05) at 3 months and 2 months. The Kaup index of infants in group B at 6 months was significantly higher than that of infants in group A (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in Hb, MCV and MCHC between the two groups (P> 0.05). The levels of Hb and MCHC in group B were significantly higher than those in group A from 3 months (P <0.05) The MCV of infants in June was significantly higher than that of infants in group A (P <0.05). The level of albumin in group B infants was significantly higher than that in group A six months ago (P <0.05), and the increase was also significantly higher than that in group A (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in serum calcium and phosphorus levels between the two groups at 6 months after birth and 6 months after birth (P> 0.05). Conclusion Preterm discharge formula is more conducive to meet the needs of premature children / low birth weight children catch-up growth and development.