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在上期内,已讨论过化学反应生成电流的原因,现在我们要研究电流对于化合物有什么效应。电流对于化合物应有什么效应,在100年以前,著名化学家达维氏(Humphrey Davy)就已想到过的。上期已经说过,达维所作由电流产生化学变化的试验,实开现代电化学的先河。他籍电流分离了碱金属,使电化学的研究才能发扬光大。那时,他将电流通入钾化合物的水溶液内,想把牠分解,可是经过许多实验,并没有成功。后来,他将钾化合物加热熔融,然后通以电流,就发见像水银样的物质,随生随烧的现象。这在当时虽莫名其妙,但已足够他惊喜交并了。这个使物质分解的电流,对于其他物质能起什么反应呢?除钾以外,还有别的元素可以分离呢?自从达维分离了钾元素,接着
During the previous period, the reason for the chemical reaction to generate electricity has been discussed. Now we have to study the effect of the current on the compound. What effect the current should have on the compound was thought 100 years ago by the famous chemist Humphrey Davy. As already mentioned in the previous issue, Davis made a test of the chemical changes produced by current and opened the door to modern electrochemistry. His current from the separation of alkali metal, electrochemical research to flourish. At that moment, he passed the current into the aqueous solution of the potassium compound, trying to break it down, but after many experiments, it did not succeed. Later, he heated the molten potassium compound, and then through the current, it will appear like a mercury-like substance, with the phenomenon. Although this was inexplicable at the time, but enough for him to surprise the merger. What is the reaction of this substance to the current state of matter to other substances? Apart from potassium, are there other elements that can be separated? Since the separation of potassium by Davé,