目的:探讨哮喘专病门诊在哮喘规范化治疗和管理中的重要性。方法:随机选取于2013年7月至2013年12月新疆自治区人民医院哮喘专病门诊就诊的患者,其中初诊患者84例,复诊患者96例,合计180例。由经过培训的医师采用问卷调查的形式针对哮喘患者在疾病控制、管理和用药,以及对该病的认知程度等方面进行调查,比较初诊患者和复诊患者在哮喘的控制情况、管理情况、用药情况以及对哮喘的认知程度等方面的差异性,采用SPSS 11.5软件进行统计学分析。结果:1.哮喘控制方面,初诊和复诊患者在过去一年中的急诊就医比例(40.5%vs 21.9%)、住院比例(14.3%vs 10.4%)、需要使用急救药物比例(66.7%vs 29.2%),初诊患者均较复诊患者高,其中需要急诊就医和需要急救药物这两方面初诊与复诊相比有显著性差异(P<0.01),但在住院比例两者间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);初诊和复诊患者的哮喘控制测试评分分别为15.46±5.2,20.23±5.12(P<0.01)。根据评分,初诊和复诊患者达到哮喘完全控制的比例为(5.4%vs 28.6%)、良好控制的比例为(14.3%vs 47.8%),未控制的比例为(80.3%vs 23.6%),复诊患者均明显高于初诊患者(P<0.01)。2.哮喘管理方面,初诊和复诊患者在过去一年内测定过肺功能的比例为(20.2%vs 93.7%)、初诊患者无人使用峰流速仪,复诊患者的比例为17.8%,复诊患者均明显高于初诊患者,两者有明显的统计学差异(P<0.01)。此外,复诊患者3月内至少一次随访的比例明显高于初诊患者,15.3%的初诊患者3月内前往呼吸科门诊至少就诊一次,而复诊患者则为64.2%(P<0.05)。3.哮喘治疗方面,仅48.9%的初诊患者使用过吸入性糖皮质激素(inhaled corticosteroids,ICS),而复诊患者中使用的比例高达91.7%(P<0.01)。4.哮喘认知方面,认为哮喘是气道炎症性疾病,初诊与复诊比例(19%vs91.7%),ICS是长期控制药物初诊与复诊比例(38.1%vs 92.7%),两者相比有着显著性差异(P<0.0001),在对哮喘疾病的认知方面复诊患者明显优于初诊患者。结论:复诊患者无论在哮喘的控制、管理和用药方面,还是对疾病的认知方面均明显优于初诊患者,这提示哮喘专病门诊的设立有利于对哮喘患者的治疗和管理,有必要加强对呼吸科医师哮喘知识的再培训,推广哮喘专病门诊,同时有必要加强对哮喘患者的健康教育。 Objective: To investigate the importance of outpatient asthma clinic in the standardization of asthma treatment and management. Methods: From July 2013 to December 2013, randomly selected asthmatic patients from the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 84 patients were newly diagnosed and 96 patients were referred to the hospital for a total of 180 cases. A questionnaire survey was conducted by trained physicians on the control of asthma patients, their management and medication, and the level of their cognition of the disease. The control and management of asthma in newly diagnosed and re-treated patients were compared. Situation and the degree of awareness of asthma and other aspects of differences, the use of SPSS 11.5 software for statistical analysis. In the aspect of asthma control, the rate of emergency medical treatment (40.5% vs 21.9%) and hospitalization (14.3% vs 10.4%) in the first and follow-up visits in the past year and the need for first aid medication (66.7% vs 29.2% ), The newly diagnosed patients were higher than those of the patients who were referred to the hospital, and there was a significant difference between the first visit and the second visit (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) P> 0.05). The scores of asthma control tests in newly diagnosed and reexamined patients were 15.46 ± 5.2,20.23 ± 5.12 (P <0.01), respectively. According to the scores, the proportion of patients who achieved complete asthma control was 5.4% vs 28.6% in the newly diagnosed and re-examined patients, 14.3% vs 47.8% for good control, and 80.3% vs 23.6% for non-controlled patients Were significantly higher than the newly diagnosed patients (P <0.01). 2. In asthma management, the percentage of newly diagnosed and referral patients who tested for pulmonary function in the past year was (20.2% vs 93.7%), no peak flow meter was used in newly diagnosed patients, and 17.8% of those in follow-up visits were significantly different Higher than the newly diagnosed patients, the two have significant statistical differences (P <0.01). In addition, the number of follow-up visits in at least one visit within 3 months was significantly higher in newly diagnosed patients than in newly diagnosed patients. 15.3% of newly diagnosed patients visited the Respiratory Department clinic at least once in 3 months, compared with 64.2% in the second visit (P <0.05). 3. In asthma treatment, only 48.9% of the newly diagnosed patients used inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), up to 91.7% (P <0.01) in the referral patients. In the aspect of asthma cognition, asthma is regarded as airway inflammatory disease, the proportion of newly diagnosed and referral (19% vs91.7%), ICS is the proportion of newly diagnosed and referral (38.1% vs 92.7%) of long-term controlled drugs There was significant difference (P <0.0001), in the cognitive aspects of asthma patients referral patients was significantly better than the newly diagnosed patients. Conclusions: Patients in the referral group are significantly better than the newly diagnosed patients in terms of control, management and medication of asthma, as well as cognitive aspects of the disease, suggesting that setting up an asthma special clinic is beneficial to the treatment and management of asthma patients, and it is necessary to strengthen Respiratory disease knowledge of asthma retraining, promotion of asthma specialist clinic, at the same time it is necessary to strengthen the health education of patients with asthma.