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结核病仍为最具破坏性的细菌性疾病之一,发病率和死亡率都很高。结核分枝杆菌能侵入宿主免疫系统,在肺肉芽肿中持留,致使目前的抗结核药物无法杀灭菌体。近年来药物耐受以及伴有HIV感染的结核病发病率急剧增加都给结核的控制带来了很大的困难,迫切需要深入了解目前抗结核药物的作用机制及耐药机制、病菌繁殖的分子机制,以指导开发对持留菌和耐药菌更加有效的新型药物。文中综述了近年来通过天然物筛选、新药设计合成以及对现有抗结核药物的再修饰等途径,发现的一些有抗结核活性的化合物,以及结核杆菌分子生物学和抗结核治疗靶点的研究进展。
Tuberculosis is still one of the most devastating bacterial diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can invade the host immune system, stay in the lung granulomas, resulting in the current anti-TB drugs can not kill bacteria. In recent years, the drug resistance and the sharp increase in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with HIV infection have brought great difficulties to the control of tuberculosis. There is an urgent need to understand in depth the mechanism of action and mechanism of drug resistance and the molecular mechanism of pathogen reproduction To guide the development of new drugs that are more effective against bacteriostasis and drug-resistant bacteria. In this paper, we reviewed the discovery of some compounds with anti-TB activity and the targets of M. tuberculosis molecular biology and anti-TB treatment through the screening of natural products, the design and synthesis of new drugs and the re-modification of existing anti-TB drugs in recent years progress.