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采用马来酸酐(MAH)与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)复配改性无机粘土(MMT)制备丁腈胶乳/有机粘土纳米复合材料(NBRCNs),研究了NBRCNs的微观结构、分散相态和力学性能。结果表明:当MMT∶改性剂=2.8g∶1g,CTAB∶MAH=8∶2时,NBRCNs的各项力学性能最优,拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别为11.30MPa和33.59kN/m,较纯NBR胶乳的3.00MPa和11.65kN/m分别提高了277%和188%。且此比例下有机粘土(OC)的层间距为2.12nm,较MMT的起始层间距1.24nm有了大幅度的提高,且NBRCNs中OC的层间距进一步增加为3.86nm,形成了更多的插层结构。CTAB利用阳离子置换的方式将长碳链留在粘土片层间,扩大粘土片层间距,MAH对扩大粘土片层间距作用不大,但水解后的羧基可与粘土片层间的羟基发生化学键接作用,提高粘土与橡胶基体的界面相互作用,提高复合材料的力学性能和分散相态。
The nitrile latex / organoclay nanocomposites (NBRCNs) were prepared by the combination of maleic anhydride (MAH) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) modified inorganic clay (MMT). The microstructure of NBRCNs , Dispersed phase and mechanical properties. The results show that when the MMT: modifier = 2.8g:1g, CTAB:MAH = 8: 2, the mechanical properties of NBRCNs are the best, the tensile strength and tear strength are 11.30MPa and 33.59kN / m, 3.00 MPa and 11.65 kN / m for purer NBR latex increased by 277% and 188%, respectively. And the interlayer distance of organic clay (OC) was 2.12nm at this ratio, which was significantly higher than that of MMT at 1.24nm, and the interlayer spacing of OC in NBRCNs was further increased to 3.86nm, forming more Intercalated structure. In CTAB, the long carbon chain is left between the clay layers by means of cation exchange, and the distance between the clay layers is enlarged. However, MAH has little effect on expanding the distance between clay layers, but the hydrolyzed carboxyl groups can chemically bond with the hydroxyl groups between the clay layers Role, improve the interaction of clay and rubber matrix interface, improve the mechanical properties of composite materials and dispersed phase.