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目的对地西他滨治疗骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)和急性髓系白血病(AML)的临床治疗效果进行探究。方法 6例进行MDS以及AML治疗的患者,进行地西他宾药物的5 d治疗方案,每天使用该药物20 mg/m~2,连续使用5 d,观察患者的临床治疗效果,不良反应发生的情况。结果 6例患者病情完全缓解1例,在2个疗程后达到了完全缓解,部分缓解2例,血液改善患者1例,病情稳定1例,无效1例,治疗总有效率为83.3%。治疗期间,有5例患者出现了3级总行粒细胞减少和血小板减少,4例出现了4级总行粒细胞减少和血小板减少。2例患者发生了感染,1例为肺部感染及心功能不全的患者,在进行抗感染治疗后,1周后有所好转,1例为肺部感染并发腹腔感染,在进行抗感染的治疗后,2周有所好转,总感染率为33.33%。1例患者出现了轻度药物性肝损害,在停药1周并进行护肝治疗后有很大的好转,2例患者出现了发热,在进行物理降温后有所缓解,但没有肾功能损害,3例患者恶心,2例患者便秘的胃肠道反应。治疗前后病情状况比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.036<0.05)。结论对骨髓增生异常综合征和急性髓系白血病的患者实施地西他滨药物的治疗,能够有效的对其疾病进行控制,且不良反应较小,能够减少患者的病痛折磨,可以将地西他滨药物广泛的应用于此类患者的疾病治疗中。
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of decitabine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods Six patients with MDS and AML were treated with dexamethasine for 5 days. The patients were treated with 20 mg / m ~ 2 daily for 5 consecutive days. The clinical effect, side effects of adverse reactions Happening. Results The complete remission was achieved in 6 patients, complete remission in 2 courses, partial remission in 2 cases, blood improvement in 1 case, stable in 1 case and ineffective in 1 case. The total effective rate was 83.3%. During treatment, there were 5 patients with grade 3 total neutropenia and thrombocytopenia and 4 with grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Two patients had an infection, one patient had pulmonary infection and cardiac insufficiency. After one week of anti-infective therapy, one patient improved. One patient was infected with pulmonary infection and had abdominal infection. After anti-infective treatment After 2 weeks of improvement, the total infection rate was 33.33%. One patient developed mild drug-induced liver injury with a significant improvement after 1 week of discontinuation and hepatoprotective therapy. Two patients developed fever and were relieved after physical cooling without renal impairment , Nausea in 3 patients and gastrointestinal reactions in 2 patients with constipation. Before and after treatment, the condition was significantly different (P = 0.036 <0.05). Conclusion The treatment of decitabine in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia can effectively control the disease with less adverse reactions and reduce the pain and suffering of patients. Coastal drugs are widely used in the treatment of such patients.