论文部分内容阅读
为探索双酰胺类杀虫剂对大型溞的慢性毒性,本文采用氟虫双酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺和溴氰虫酰胺3种双酰胺类杀虫剂制剂,测定其对大型溞生长发育和繁殖的影响,明确其对大型溞的慢性毒性以及大型溞对该类杀虫剂敏感的端点指标。结果表明,氟虫双酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺和溴氰虫酰胺3种制剂对大型溞的寿命、体长、蜕皮数、首胎时长、产胎数、单雌产溞数等端点指标具有不同程度的影响。3种杀虫剂显著减少大型溞蜕皮数的最低浓度分别为1.00×10-2mg·L~(-1)、1.00×10-4mg·L~(-1)、1.25×10-3mg·L~(-1);显著缩短寿命的最低浓度分别为5.00×10-3mg·L~(-1)、1.00×10~(-4)mg·L~(-1)和1.25×10-3mg·L~(-1);显著缩短体长的最低浓度分别为5.00×10-3mg·L~(-1)、8.00×10-4mg·L~(-1)和1.00×10~(-2)mg·L~(-1);显著减少产胎数的最低浓度分别为1.00×10-2mg·L~(-1)、4.00×10-4mg·L~(-1)和1.00×10-2mg·L~(-1);显著减少单雌产溞数的最低浓度分别为1.00×10~(-2)mg·L~(-1)、8.00×10-4mg·L~(-1)和5.00×10-3mg·L~(-1);但是,除溴氰虫酰胺外,其他2种杀虫剂制剂对首胎时长却没有显著影响。端点指标中对氟虫双酰胺的敏感性为寿命和体长>蜕皮数、产胎数和单雌产溞数>首胎时长;对氯虫苯甲酰胺为蜕皮数和寿命>产胎数>体长和单雌产溞数>首胎时长;对溴氰虫酰胺为蜕皮数和寿命>单雌产溞数>体长、首胎时长和产胎数。研究结果说明,3种双酰胺类杀虫剂对大型溞的生长发育和繁殖具有不同程度的抑制作用,寿命是评价该类杀虫剂制剂对大型溞慢性毒性的最敏感端点指标。
In order to explore the long-term toxicity of bisamide insecticides to macrorlsia, three bisamide insecticides, flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole and bromoxetine, The effects of reproduction on Chronic toxicity to large mullet and endpoint indicators sensitive to this insecticide by Macrobrachium nipponense. The results showed that flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole and bromothiramide had significant effects on endpoint indices of longevity, body length, number of molts, number of first birth, number of births and number of single females Different degrees of influence. The minimum concentrations of three kinds of insecticides significantly reduced the number of molting per plant, which were 1.00 × 10-2mg · L -1, 1.00 × 10-4mg · L -1, 1.25 × 10-3mg · L -1, (-1), and the minimums for shortening lifespan were 5.00 × 10-3 mg · L -1, 1.00 × 10 -4 mg · L -1 and 1.25 × 10-3 mg · L -1, respectively ~ (-1), respectively. The minimums of significant shortening were 5.00 × 10-3 mg · L -1, 8.00 × 10-4 mg · L -1 and 1.00 × 10 -2 mg · L -1, respectively. · L ~ (-1), the lowest concentrations of producing tires were 1.00 × 10-2mg · L -1, 4.00 × 10-4mg · L -1 and 1.00 × 10-2mg · L -1 L -1; The lowest concentrations of mono-fecundity were 1.00 × 10 -2 mg · L -1, 8.00 × 10-4 mg · L -1 and 5.00 × 10-3mg · L -1. However, the other two insecticide preparations did not show any significant effect on the first-born duration, except for the Bromoxanide. Endpoint indicators of flubendacamide sensitivity to life expectancy and body length> number of molting, number of births and number of single females> number of first births; chlorantraniliprole for molting number and life expectancy> number of births> Body length and number of single females> number of first births; number of molluscicides and longevity> number of single females> body length, number of first births and number of births. The results showed that the three bisamide insecticides had different degrees of inhibition on the growth and reproduction of the macrophus, and life expectancy was the most sensitive endpoint for evaluating the chronic toxicity of the pesticides.