血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)最初被认为是调节血管内皮细胞通透性及血管增生的生物活性物质。后来发现,VEGF在脑内的神经细胞也有表达,并参与神经细胞的发育、轴突的生长和神经元细胞膜上离子通道功能的调节。VEGF对损伤脑具有抗凋亡等神经保护作用。此外,VEGF还具有促进损伤脑内神经元新生的作用和增强活化胶质细胞转分化为新生神经元的能力。现有的文献提示,VEGF在正常脑内能调节神经可塑性,在损伤的脑内能促进神经血管单元的重构和脑修复。本文重点阐述成年脑内VEGF对神经细胞的生物学效应及其对损伤脑的修复作用。深入研究VEGF的神经调节作用及其机制,有助于理解脑功能调节机制,研发脑保护和脑修复的新技术。 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was originally considered as a biologically active substance that regulates vascular endothelial cell permeability and vascular proliferation. Later found that VEGF in the brain of nerve cells are also expressed and involved in the development of nerve cells, axons and neuronal cell membrane ion channel function of the regulation. VEGF has the neuroprotective effect on injured brain such as anti-apoptosis. In addition, VEGF also has the ability to promote the degeneration of neurons in the brain and enhance the ability of activated glial cells to transdifferentiate into newborn neurons. The existing literature suggests that VEGF regulates neuroplasticity in the normal brain and promotes the remodeling of neurovascular units and brain repair in damaged brain. This article focuses on the biological effects of VEGF on neural cells in adult brain and its role in the repair of injured brain. In-depth study of VEGF neuromodulation and its mechanism, help to understand the mechanism of brain function regulation, development of brain protection and brain repair of new technologies.