论文部分内容阅读
形容詞比较级用法攻略
【形容词比较级适用范围】
1. 表示两者（人或事物）之间一方在某一方面超过或不及另一方时，要用比较级。例如：
It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。
I am taller than Ted. 我的个子比特德的高。
This black pen is less expensive than that white one. 这支黑色钢笔没有那支白色的贵。
2. 同级比较。用形容词的原级也可以进行两者之间的比较。
①“not as / so 原级 as ...”表示前者不如后者。例如：
This story is not as / so long as that one. 这个故事没有那个故事长。
→That story is longer than this one. 那个故事比这个故事长。
=This story is shorter than that one. 这个故事比那个故事短。
②“as 原级 as”句式表示两者没有区别。例如： Her hair is as long as mine. 她的头发和我的一样长。
特别提醒
1. 在形容词比较级前可以加上much或a little等修饰词来表示程度，“much 比较级”意为“更……得多”；“a little 比较级”意为“更……一点儿”。例如： Our classroom is much bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的（教室）大得多。
I’m a little more outgoing than my younger sister. 我比我妹妹更外向一点儿。
2. 当两者之间进行比较时，比较的对象必须是同类事物，否则是不能进行比较的。下面，我们以“冬季，北京的天气比广东的（天气）冷得多。”一句为例：
【误】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than Guangdong.
【正】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangdong.
【析】第一句之所以有误，是因为它将“北京的天气(the weather in Beijing)”与“广东(Guangdong)”作比较，“天气”与“城市”不属于同类事物，是不能进行比较的。正确的表达方法应在Guangdong的前面加上that in，即表示the weather in Guangdong。
3. 表达人或事物自身程度的逐渐变化，用“比较级 and 比较级”。例如：
As winter is coming, the day is getting shorter and shorter. 冬天快来了，白天变得越来越短。
4. “the 比较级...，the 比较级”意为“越……，越……”。例如：
The more he eats, the fatter he gets. 他越吃越胖。
【用法延伸】
1. 当属同一范围的人或事物之间进行比较时，注意要在than后（表示比较对象的名词前）加上any other 单数名词或代词，否则就会出现与自身比较的矛盾现象。请看例句：伊莱扎比她所在班级里的其他任何一个同学更内向。
【误】 Eliza is quieter than any student in her class. （包括她自己）
【正】 Eliza is quieter than any other student in her class. （不包括她自己）
2. 当比较的双方不在同一范围内时，则不必加any other。例如：
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。（中国不在非洲境内，故any后不需要加other）
【过关斩将】
Ⅰ. 写出下列形容词的比较级形式。
outgoing ___________ calm ___________
athletic ___________ tall ___________
wild ___________ thin ___________
heavy __________ short ___________
small __________ big ___________
nice ___________ smart ___________
quiet __________ serious ___________
many ___________ old ______________
Ⅱ. 选择填空。
（ ）1. My little brother is ______ taller than I.
A. few B. more C. a little D. many
（ ）2. Which question is ______, the first one or the second one?
A. easy B. easier C. easyer D. easiest
（ ）3. Look at those two little boys over there!Who is ______?
A. much old B. older
C. oldder D. little old
（ ）4. His English is ______ than mine.
A. good B. much good
C. better D. best
（ ）5. Tina’s clothes is ______ beautiful than mine.
A. very B. more C. most D. much
（ ）6. Pedro is ______ in his class.
A. taller than any student
B. taller than any other student
C. tall than any student
D. tall than any other student
（ ）7. In summer, the weather in Beijing is ______.
A. much hotter than that in Hunan
B. much hot than that in Hunan
C. much hotter than in Hunan
D. much hot than that in Hunan
（ ）8. —This novel is too boring. Shall we play a game instead?
—Sounds great! That’s ______ than reading a book.
A. more better B. very good
C. extremely great D. much better
（ ）9. —Hi, Jackson! How can you improve your English so much?
—Oh, nothing difficult. The ______ you work at it, the ______ progress you will make.
A. more hardly; more B. harder; great
C. harder; more D. hardlier; greater
（ ）10. —Doctor, how can I lose weight?
—If you want to be thinner and healthier, you’d better eat ______ food and take ______ exercise.
A. more; fewer B. more; less
C. less; more D. fewer; more
【学以致用】
Ⅲ. 单项选择。
（ ）1. —Oh, these two books are pretty interesting. It’s too difficult to choose which one to buy.
—Why not take ______? I won’t read them this month.
A. any B. either C. all D. both
（ ）2. —How do you think of Jeans Corner and Trendy Teens?
—They ______ good stores.
A. are both B. are all C. both are D. all are
（ ）3. —Do you speak English or French in Canada?
—______. But I prefer French.
A. All B. Either C. Neither D. Both
（ ）4. —My brother has two children. And ______ of
them live with him.
—Oh, really? That’s a big family!
A. each B. neither C. either D. both
（ ）5. —Do you like the pop star Jay or the movie star
Jackie?
—______. I am their fan.
A. Each B. Neither C. All D. Both
（ ）6. —Which of the twin brothers is a doctor?
—______ are.
A. All B. Either C. Each D. Both
（ ）7. Isabel and I ______ have long hair.
A. all B. either C. both D. neither
both用法知多少？
不定代词both意为“两者；两者都”，在句中可作主语、宾语、同位语或定语。例如：
Both of us want to go there. 我们两个人都想去那儿。(作主语)
We invited both to come to our farm． 我们邀请两个人都来我们的农场。（作宾语）
We both like to eat fish. 我们两个人都喜欢吃鱼。(作同位语)
They both like swimming. 他们两个都喜欢游泳。（作同位语）
Both the teachers are here. 两位老师都在这里。(作定语)
both可以直接修饰名词，当名词前有限定词时，则只能用both of。例如：
Both brothers are clever. 兄弟倆都很聪明。 Both of the books are interesting. 两本书都很有趣。
●both的反义词为neither。
【形容词比较级适用范围】
1. 表示两者（人或事物）之间一方在某一方面超过或不及另一方时，要用比较级。例如：
It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。
I am taller than Ted. 我的个子比特德的高。
This black pen is less expensive than that white one. 这支黑色钢笔没有那支白色的贵。
2. 同级比较。用形容词的原级也可以进行两者之间的比较。
①“not as / so 原级 as ...”表示前者不如后者。例如：
This story is not as / so long as that one. 这个故事没有那个故事长。
→That story is longer than this one. 那个故事比这个故事长。
=This story is shorter than that one. 这个故事比那个故事短。
②“as 原级 as”句式表示两者没有区别。例如： Her hair is as long as mine. 她的头发和我的一样长。
特别提醒
1. 在形容词比较级前可以加上much或a little等修饰词来表示程度，“much 比较级”意为“更……得多”；“a little 比较级”意为“更……一点儿”。例如： Our classroom is much bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的（教室）大得多。
I’m a little more outgoing than my younger sister. 我比我妹妹更外向一点儿。
2. 当两者之间进行比较时，比较的对象必须是同类事物，否则是不能进行比较的。下面，我们以“冬季，北京的天气比广东的（天气）冷得多。”一句为例：
【误】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than Guangdong.
【正】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangdong.
【析】第一句之所以有误，是因为它将“北京的天气(the weather in Beijing)”与“广东(Guangdong)”作比较，“天气”与“城市”不属于同类事物，是不能进行比较的。正确的表达方法应在Guangdong的前面加上that in，即表示the weather in Guangdong。
3. 表达人或事物自身程度的逐渐变化，用“比较级 and 比较级”。例如：
As winter is coming, the day is getting shorter and shorter. 冬天快来了，白天变得越来越短。
4. “the 比较级...，the 比较级”意为“越……，越……”。例如：
The more he eats, the fatter he gets. 他越吃越胖。
【用法延伸】
1. 当属同一范围的人或事物之间进行比较时，注意要在than后（表示比较对象的名词前）加上any other 单数名词或代词，否则就会出现与自身比较的矛盾现象。请看例句：伊莱扎比她所在班级里的其他任何一个同学更内向。
【误】 Eliza is quieter than any student in her class. （包括她自己）
【正】 Eliza is quieter than any other student in her class. （不包括她自己）
2. 当比较的双方不在同一范围内时，则不必加any other。例如：
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。（中国不在非洲境内，故any后不需要加other）
【过关斩将】
Ⅰ. 写出下列形容词的比较级形式。
outgoing ___________ calm ___________
athletic ___________ tall ___________
wild ___________ thin ___________
heavy __________ short ___________
small __________ big ___________
nice ___________ smart ___________
quiet __________ serious ___________
many ___________ old ______________
Ⅱ. 选择填空。
（ ）1. My little brother is ______ taller than I.
A. few B. more C. a little D. many
（ ）2. Which question is ______, the first one or the second one?
A. easy B. easier C. easyer D. easiest
（ ）3. Look at those two little boys over there!Who is ______?
A. much old B. older
C. oldder D. little old
（ ）4. His English is ______ than mine.
A. good B. much good
C. better D. best
（ ）5. Tina’s clothes is ______ beautiful than mine.
A. very B. more C. most D. much
（ ）6. Pedro is ______ in his class.
A. taller than any student
B. taller than any other student
C. tall than any student
D. tall than any other student
（ ）7. In summer, the weather in Beijing is ______.
A. much hotter than that in Hunan
B. much hot than that in Hunan
C. much hotter than in Hunan
D. much hot than that in Hunan
（ ）8. —This novel is too boring. Shall we play a game instead?
—Sounds great! That’s ______ than reading a book.
A. more better B. very good
C. extremely great D. much better
（ ）9. —Hi, Jackson! How can you improve your English so much?
—Oh, nothing difficult. The ______ you work at it, the ______ progress you will make.
A. more hardly; more B. harder; great
C. harder; more D. hardlier; greater
（ ）10. —Doctor, how can I lose weight?
—If you want to be thinner and healthier, you’d better eat ______ food and take ______ exercise.
A. more; fewer B. more; less
C. less; more D. fewer; more
【学以致用】
Ⅲ. 单项选择。
（ ）1. —Oh, these two books are pretty interesting. It’s too difficult to choose which one to buy.
—Why not take ______? I won’t read them this month.
A. any B. either C. all D. both
（ ）2. —How do you think of Jeans Corner and Trendy Teens?
—They ______ good stores.
A. are both B. are all C. both are D. all are
（ ）3. —Do you speak English or French in Canada?
—______. But I prefer French.
A. All B. Either C. Neither D. Both
（ ）4. —My brother has two children. And ______ of
them live with him.
—Oh, really? That’s a big family!
A. each B. neither C. either D. both
（ ）5. —Do you like the pop star Jay or the movie star
Jackie?
—______. I am their fan.
A. Each B. Neither C. All D. Both
（ ）6. —Which of the twin brothers is a doctor?
—______ are.
A. All B. Either C. Each D. Both
（ ）7. Isabel and I ______ have long hair.
A. all B. either C. both D. neither
both用法知多少？
不定代词both意为“两者；两者都”，在句中可作主语、宾语、同位语或定语。例如：
Both of us want to go there. 我们两个人都想去那儿。(作主语)
We invited both to come to our farm． 我们邀请两个人都来我们的农场。（作宾语）
We both like to eat fish. 我们两个人都喜欢吃鱼。(作同位语)
They both like swimming. 他们两个都喜欢游泳。（作同位语）
Both the teachers are here. 两位老师都在这里。(作定语)
both可以直接修饰名词，当名词前有限定词时，则只能用both of。例如：
Both brothers are clever. 兄弟倆都很聪明。 Both of the books are interesting. 两本书都很有趣。
●both的反义词为neither。