目前,原子轨道和电子云的各种图形在化学教科书和有关书刊中出现得日益普遍,亦有不少文章作过介绍和讨论,但初学者仍不免有难以区分之感,甚至一些书刊中也出现某些混淆和谬误。要澄清这些混乱,看来仅从正面介绍还不够,因此,本文试图从各种图形的分类人手,专门列举几种常见的误解和混淆现象,逐一加以辨析。 At present, the various patterns of atomic orbitals and electron clouds appear increasingly widespread in chemical textbooks and related books, and many articles have been introduced and discussed. However, beginners still can not avoid the indistinguishable feeling, and even some books and periodicals Some confusion and fallacy. To clarify these confusions, it seems that it is not enough to introduce them only from the front. Therefore, this article tries to cite several common misunderstandings and confusion from the classification of various figures and analyze them one by one.