夏氏冲击试验是测定两种不同材料或微型结构间的断裂韧性(吸收冲击能量的能力)的差异的最好的方法。尽管其用途只限于研究韧性很大的材料,并且还限于研究韧性向脆性转化时的温度关系。然而,当夏氏冲击试验机仪表化以后,其应用范围就扩大了。它可提供有关材料特性的许多讯息,正 Charpy impact testing is the best way to determine the difference in fracture toughness (the ability to absorb impact energy) between two different materials or microstructures. Although its use is restricted to the study of materials of great toughness, it is also limited to the study of the temperature dependence of ductile-to-brittle transformation. However, when the Charpy impact tester is instrumented, its scope of application has expanded. It can provide many messages about the material properties that are