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本文采用了五同不同成份的型内球化合金,研究它们对球墨铸铁的石墨、基体组织、白口倾向和抗拉性能的相对效果。这些合金包括:标准的型内球化合金、含2％钡的合金、三种含稀土0.85％的合金。这三种含稀土的合金有三种情况,或是等量的Ce和La,或是高Ge,或是高La。所浇试件有:小阶梯试样,壁厚从1/8″至2″、大阶梯试样,壁厚从1/2″至3″及一个基尔认块。试验结果表明,稀土量高达0.85％时,石墨组织有所改善,石墨球数增加,白口倾向减小,抗拉性能略有提高。La的作用比Ge好。这种好作用可能归于La具有较大的石墨异质形核能力。
In this paper, five kinds of different types of internal balling alloy were used to study their relative effects on graphite, matrix structure, whiteness tendency and tensile properties of ductile iron. These alloys include: standard type of ball alloy, alloy containing 2% barium, three 0.85% rare earth alloys. There are three cases for the three rare earth-containing alloys, either equal amounts of Ce and La, or high Ge, or high La. Samples were poured: small ladder samples, wall thickness from 1/8 “to 2”, large ladder samples, wall thickness from 1/2 “to 3” and a Kiel block. The experimental results show that when the amount of rare earth is as high as 0.85%, the graphite structure is improved, the number of graphite balls increases, the whiteness tends to decrease, and the tensile property slightly increases. La is better than Ge. This good effect may be due to La has a larger graphite heterogeneous nucleation ability.