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目的对一起婴幼儿不明原因发热呼吸道感染暴发疫情进行实验室快速诊断,探索病因。方法采集患儿咽拭子和痰液标本共19份,对所有标本进行核酸提取、运用荧光PCR和荧光RT-PCR法检测腺病毒等引起急性呼吸道感染的8种18型重要病毒的特异性基因片段。对腺病毒和肠道病毒核酸阳性标本进行序列测定,运用生物学软件对测定序列进行处理分析。结果 19份标本腺病毒(Adenovirus,Ad V)核酸阳性,11份标本肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)核酸阳性,4份标本鼻病毒(Rhinovirus,RHV)核酸阳性。Ad V的核酸检出阳性率均为100%,标本采集时间最长为发病后10天。EV在发病3天内痰液标本中核酸检出率为83.33%,发病3天后为42.86%。Ad V的基因型别为Ad V-B7型。结论本起发热呼吸道感染暴发疫情由Ad V-B7型和EV混合感染引起,并且Ad V-B7型感染时间长于EV。
OBJECTIVE To rapidly diagnose the outbreak of an outbreak of respiratory tract infection of unknown origin in infants and young children and explore the etiology. Methods A total of 19 samples of throat swabs and sputum were collected from all the samples for nucleic acid extraction. Fluorescent PCR and fluorescent RT-PCR were used to detect the specific genes of eight major virus types 18 of acute respiratory infections such as adenovirus Fragment. Sequence analysis of adenovirus and enterovirus positive nucleic acid samples, the use of biological software processing sequence analysis. Results Nineteen samples were positive for Adenovirus (Ad V), 11 were positive for Enterovirus (EV) and four were positive for Rhinovirus (RHV). The positive rate of Ad V nucleic acid detection was 100%, the longest specimen collection time of 10 days after onset. The detection rate of nucleic acid in sputum specimens of EV was 83.33% within 3 days of onset and 42.86% after 3 days of onset. The genotype of Ad V is Ad V-B7. Conclusions The outbreak of this febrile respiratory infection was caused by a mixed infection with Ad V-B7 and EV, and infection with Ad V-B7 took longer than EV.