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本稿利用档案资料,考察了清朝政府对演剧活动的控制。清朝政府对演剧的控制很严格,这一点已为不少学者所指出,但是控制的实际情况及其背景还未得到详细考察。档案是考察这些问题最合适的资料之一。本稿介绍并利用了已经广为人知的“升平署档案”之外的“军机处录副奏折”、“内阁大库档案”等档案资料,考察了乾嘉年间控制演剧活动的历史特点、北京戏园经营者与步军统领衙门的勾结、清朝宗室的演剧活动等演剧史研究中的重要问题,以说明这些档案资料的重要性。
This manuscript uses the archival materials to examine the Qing government’s control of the drama activities. It has been pointed out by many scholars that the Qing government exercised strict control over drama. However, the actual situation of control and its background have not been examined in detail. Archives are one of the most suitable sources for examining these questions. This manuscript introduces and makes use of the well-known archives such as “Military Commissar’s Recorded Folds”, “Cabinet File” and other documents besides the “PLA Bureau Archives” Historical features, the collusion between the Beijing opera garden operators and the step commander Yamen, and the dramatic activities of the Qing imperial court in order to illustrate the importance of these archives.