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目的了解50岁以上社区人群高血压与卒中防治知识、态度、行为(Knowledge,Attitude,Practice,KAP)状况。方法在北京崇文和石景山地区,选择各约5万自然人群的社区,按照整群随机抽样的方法,对1352名年龄≥50岁的非卒中人群中进行卒中危险因素与卒中防治KAP水平的调查。结果崇文组和石景山组除了在文化程度方面崇文组高于石景山组,差异有统计学意义外(P<0.01),性别、年龄以及血压水平的差异均无统计学意义。知晓高血压诊断标准者崇文组高于石景山组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。知晓高血压可引起脑出血和脑梗死者均在90%左右,并且石景山组高于崇文组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。认为有必要经常测量血压者均在80%以上,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。曾经测量过血压者两组均在90%以上,石景山组高于崇文组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组的高血压患者能按医嘱治疗高血压者均超过85%。结论社区≥50岁人群高血压患病率居高不下,继续广泛开展和加强高血压与卒中防治知识的宣传教育十分必要。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, behavior (Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, KAP) of hypertension and stroke prevention in community over 50 years old. Methods In community of Chongwen and Shijingshan in Beijing, about 50,000 natural populations were selected. According to the cluster random sampling method, risk factors of stroke and KAP level in prevention and treatment of stroke in 1352 non-stroke population aged ≥50 years were investigated. Results In Chongwen group and Shijingshan group, Chongwen group was higher than that of Shijingshan group in terms of educational level (P <0.01), but there were no significant differences in sex, age and blood pressure. Those who knew the diagnostic criteria for hypertension were higher in Chongwen group than in Shijingshan group (P <0.01). Knowledge of hypertension can cause cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction were about 90%, and Shijingshan group was higher than the Chongwen group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). They considered it necessary to measure blood pressure more than 80%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Blood pressure had been measured in both groups were more than 90%, Shijingshan group Chongwen group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Hypertensive patients in both groups can follow the doctor’s advice for treatment of hypertension were more than 85%. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in community ≥50 years old is very high. It is very necessary to continue the publicity and education of hypertension and stroke prevention and treatment widely.