目的探讨盆腔脓肿的诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析某院自2005～2010年诊断为盆腔脓肿的患者40例,其临床表现,诊治方法,愈后及误诊原因。结果盆腔脓肿的临床表现复杂多样,误诊率高,应仔细询问病史,根据临床表现,超声,实验室检查综合分析可降低误诊率。结论盆腔脓肿的治疗以手术治疗为首选。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic abscess. Methods A retrospective analysis of 40 patients diagnosed as pelvic abscess in a hospital from 2005 to 2010 was performed. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment methods, prognosis and misdiagnosis were retrospectively analyzed. Results The clinical manifestations of pelvic abscess complicated and diverse, misdiagnosis rate should be carefully asked history, according to clinical manifestations, ultrasound, laboratory tests can reduce the overall misdiagnosis rate. Conclusions The treatment of pelvic abscess is the first choice of surgical treatment.