近年来，作为国民经济支柱的国有工业企业经济效益连年下降。这与整个国民经济的高速增长，与非国有经济的迅猛发展形成强烈的反差；此种现象令人担忧。一时各种议论纷纷。有些说法认为国有企业拖了改革的后腿，成了发展的负担。事实上，对国有大中型企业在国民经济中的地位与 In recent years, the economic benefits of state-owned industrial enterprises, the backbone of the national economy, have been declining year by year. This is in stark contrast to the rapid growth of the entire national economy in sharp contrast with the rapid development of the non-state economy. Such a phenomenon is worrying. Suddenly all kinds of arguments. Some say the state-owned enterprises have dragged the reform hurdle and become a burden on development. In fact, the status of state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises in the national economy and