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人AIM2及小鼠Aim2属干扰素诱导蛋白p200家族成员。AIM2的突变和黑色素瘤、大肠癌等肿瘤进程密切相关。2009年以来一系列的研究表明其作为一种新的DNA识别受体(DNA sensor),其对内源性及病原体双链DNA(dsDNA)同样敏感。AIM2介导的天然免疫应答通过识别并结合胞质中的dsDNA,进而启动caspase-1炎性复合体(inflammasome)通路相关的免疫反应。本文通过介绍p200家族蛋白(尤其是AIM2、Aim2、p202)的结构及表达定位特点,综述了AIM2调节自身免疫应答的机制及最新进展,并对其临床意义做出展望。
Human AIM2 and mouse Aim2 are members of the interferon-inducible protein p200 family. AIM2 mutations and melanoma, colorectal cancer and other tumor processes are closely related. A series of studies since 2009 show that it is a new DNA sensor that is also sensitive to both endogenous and pathogenic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The AIM2-mediated innate immune response initiates the immune response associated with the caspase-1 inflammasome pathway by recognizing and binding to dsDNA in the cytoplasm. This review summarizes the mechanisms and recent advances of AIM2 in regulating autoimmune responses by reviewing the structure and expression characteristics of the p200 family of proteins (especially AIM2, Aim2, p202) and looks forward to its clinical implications.