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卵巢肿瘤为性激素依赖性肿瘤。类固醇激素在卵巢肿瘤的形成过程中起着重要作用。促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)通过与下丘脑GnRH受体结合,引起促性腺激素分泌,可能促使卵巢肿瘤发生与发展。卵巢肿瘤细胞能自分泌或者旁分泌GnRH,80%的卵巢肿瘤细胞表达GnRH受体。促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)除了通过抑制下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴间接抑制卵巢癌的发生发展外,还通过癌细胞上GnRH受体介导,直接抑制癌细胞的增殖、诱导凋亡等,并且运用GnRH类似物对癌细胞的靶效应,将其作为细胞毒性药物载体,可提高细胞毒性药物的功效,降低化疗药物的毒副作用。因此,促性腺激素释放激素类似物是治疗顽固性及晚期卵巢癌的有效措施。
Ovarian tumors are sex hormone-dependent tumors. Steroid hormones play an important role in ovarian tumor formation. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) through the hypothalamus GnRH receptor binding, causing gonadotropin secretion, may promote ovarian tumorigenesis and development. Ovarian tumor cells can autocrine or paracrine GnRH, 80% of ovarian tumor cells express GnRH receptors. In addition to indirectly inhibiting the development of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis, GnRHa can directly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of cancer cells through the GnRH receptor on cancer cells Etc., and using the target effect of GnRH analogues on cancer cells, as a cytotoxic drug carrier, can improve the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues is an effective treatment for refractory and advanced ovarian cancer.