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目的通过对一起幼儿园胃肠炎聚集性疫情的调查,明确病因以及采取各项防控措施,控制了疫情。方法制定病例定义,开展病例搜索及流行病学调查,采集可疑食物和病例标本进行实验室检测。结果共有18人发病(均为幼儿),集中在小2班和小1班,罹患率15.5%(18/116)。患儿均有呕吐,伴腹痛16例(88.9%),发热4例(22.2%),无腹泻。男童10例(17.9%)和女童8例(13.3%)发病类似。从不同发病幼儿8份标本中(呕吐物5份,肛拭子3份)检出2份诺如病毒(G2型)核酸阳性,确证是由诺如病毒感染引起疫情。结论本次疫情的传播与未及时发现首例病例、查明病因有关;幼儿呕吐物和污染环境未及时彻底消毒引起聚集性感染。
Objective To control the outbreak by investigating a gathering epidemic of gastroenteritis in kindergarten, clarifying the causes and taking various prevention and control measures. Methods Define the case definition, carry out case search and epidemiological investigation, collect suspicious food and case specimens for laboratory testing. Results A total of 18 patients (both young children) were found in small class 2 and small class 1 with an attack rate of 15.5% (18/116). Children had vomiting, with abdominal pain in 16 cases (88.9%), fever in 4 cases (22.2%), no diarrhea. There were 10 boys (17.9%) and 8 girls (13.3%) with similar incidence. Two samples of norovirus (G2) were detected positive in two of eight specimens from different infants (5 for vomit and 3 for anal swab), confirming that the outbreak was caused by norovirus infection. Conclusion The transmission of this outbreak was not related to the first case not found in time and the etiology was found out. The young children ’s vomit and the polluted environment were not completely and timely disinfected to cause the cluster infection.