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本文比较上世纪60年代至90年代间东亚和中南美的经济发展成果。作为东亚经济发展的成果不仅表现为宏观性的收入增加、收入分配的平等,经济发展改善了国民的经济福利。这也是东亚各国采用了出口志向工业化战略的成果,东亚各国把出口增加带来的果实用于经济的长期发展上。制造业的发展又带动农业和服务业部门的发展,实现了发展中国家长期盼望的国民经济发展的良性循环。而中南美人均收入尽管较高,但这集中于特定阶层,形成了与资产不平等相加的不平等社会。最终经济出现停滞、社会出现动乱。
This article compares the achievements of economic development in East Asia and Central and South America from the 1960s to the 1990s. As the result of the economic development in East Asia, it not only shows the macro-income increase and the equality of income distribution, but also improves the economic welfare of the people through economic development. This is also the result of the adoption by East Asian countries of the industrialization strategy of export aspiration. The fruits brought by the increase in exports by East Asian countries are used in the long-term economic development. The development of the manufacturing industry has in turn led to the development of the agricultural and service sectors and has brought about a virtuous circle of long-awaited national economic development for developing countries. While per caput incomes in Central and South America, albeit high, focussed on particular strata and formed an unequal society that was combined with unequal assets. The final economy stagnated and social turmoil occurred.