产业结构难以调整,经济周期波动剧烈,一直是困扰我国经济运行的两大难题。要强化宏观经济调控,多年的实践表明,必须总结财政政策和货币政策实施状况,研究并改进两者的搭配。(一)改革开放以来,我国经济经历了几个经济周期。总结十几年来的经验教训,主要问题是在微观经济结构变化中,资金分散,收入分配超前,财政政策弱化,中央掌握资金比重大大降低,产业政策难以贯彻,产 Difficult to adjust the industrial structure, the volatility of the economic cycle has been troubled by China’s economic operation of the two major problems. To strengthen macroeconomic regulation and control, many years of practice have shown that we must sum up the implementation of fiscal policies and monetary policies and study and improve the mix of the two. (A) Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has experienced several economic cycles. Summarizing the experiences and lessons from the past several decades, the major problems are: the diversification of funds, the distribution of income, the weakening of fiscal policies, the drastic reduction in the proportion of funds under central control, the difficulty in implementing industrial policies, the changes in the micro-economic structure,