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目的调查分析延安市实验中学发生甲型H1N1流行性感冒暴发疫情的流行病学特征和调查处理中遇到的问题,为防控流感和呼吸系统传染病提供依据。方法对临床诊断病例进行流行病学个案调查,采集发热或上呼吸道病例的鼻、咽拭子,用realtime RT-PCR方法和RT-PCR方法进行甲型H1N1流感核酸检测。对收集的资料和流行过程进行流行病学调查分析。结果 2009年10月13—19日,延安市实验中学发生甲型H1N1流行性感冒病例16例,罹患率为0.24%,学校教师没有发病;经实验室检测,16份标本甲型H1N1流感核酸检测阳性。结论该次疫情为甲型H1N1流感暴发。流感传染性强,播散快,容易在免疫力较低、在聚集生活的人群中引起暴发或流行。
Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of H1N1 outbreaks in Yan’an Experimental High School and the problems encountered in the investigation and treatment so as to provide basis for prevention and control of influenza and respiratory infectious diseases. Methods The epidemiological cases of clinical diagnosis were collected and nasal and throat swabs were collected from patients with fever or upper respiratory tract. The real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR methods were used to detect the influenza A (H1N1) influenza virus. Epidemiological investigation and analysis of the collected data and epidemic process. Results From October 13 to 19, 2009, 16 cases of Influenza A (H1N1) influenza were found in Experimental Middle School of Yan’an City. The attack rate was 0.24%. There was no incidence in school teachers. After laboratory tests, 16 samples were tested for Influenza A (H1N1) Positive. Conclusion The outbreak was Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. Influenza contagious, spread fast, easy to lower immunity in the crowd gathered in the outbreak or epidemic.