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本文介绍的工程项目在于研发一种激光技术来清除大面积海域和其他水面存在的油膜污染物。针对海面严重污染问题,研究了基于喷气发动机的可移动气动CO2激光器(100～250kW)的设计方案及其在清除水面污染时的工程实现。提出的技术方案意在有效弥补传统的海面油膜处理方法只可处理块状油层而无法消除100μm厚油膜的弊病。文中介绍了可移动气动CO2激光器的设计机理,研究了可执行该项工作的不同类型的激光器,证明了选用可移动气动CO2激光器执行该项工作的合理性。考虑了激光器系统的供气方案,选择了高质量的喷气发动机作气动CO2激光器的动力设备并设置了该设备工作时需要的容量。最后,描述了该激光系统气动液压设备的设计方案,给出了相关设备、油箱、和操作控制单元的结构。目前,作者已经完成了用于处理水面油膜的气动CO2激光器的概念设计,并制备了相应的激光系统。另外,研制了气动CO2激光器系统的工作平台,通过用激光束扫描石油膜覆盖的水面,实验验证了利用该系统收集油膜和令油膜有效燃烧的可行性。
This article describes the project is to develop a laser technology to clear large areas of the sea and other surface water film pollutants. In view of the severe pollution problem on the sea surface, the design scheme of a jet-powered mobile pneumatic CO2 laser (100 ~ 250kW) and its engineering realization when removing water pollution are studied. The proposed technical solution is intended to effectively make up for the shortcomings of the conventional 100 μm-thick oil film that can only deal with the block oil layer by the conventional sea-surface oil film processing method. In this paper, the design mechanism of a portable pneumatic CO2 laser is introduced. The different types of lasers that can perform this task are studied. The feasibility of using this mobile CO2 laser is proved. Considered the gas supply scheme of the laser system, the high-quality jet engine was selected as the power equipment of the pneumatic CO2 laser and the capacity required for the operation of the equipment was set. Finally, the design scheme of the pneumatic system of the laser system is described, and the structure of related equipment, fuel tank and operation control unit is given. At present, the author has completed the conceptual design of a pneumatic CO2 laser for the treatment of water-based oil films and prepared the corresponding laser system. In addition, a working platform of the pneumatic CO2 laser system was developed. The feasibility of collecting the oil film and making the oil film burn effectively was experimentally verified by scanning the water surface covered by the oil film with a laser beam.